Wednesday, April 25, 2012

Online video delivery

March 1, 2010

For an informed view on connected entertainment in the UK & Ireland, visit Cue Entertainment


One of the problems with globalisation is the way in which decisions taken thousands of miles away can have a direct impact on the parent company. The decision by the Walt Disney Company to shorten the theatrical window ahead of the DVD release of “Alice in Wonderland” is an obvious example, but it is unusual for executives to find themselves at risk of imprisonment as three Google executives discovered this week.
The judgement against YouTube in an Italian court means that Google Chief Legal Officer David Drummond, Global Privacy Counsel Peter Fleischer and former Google Italy board member George De Los Reyes, now retired, have received suspended six month’s jail sentences. The verdict is tough enough for the individuals concerned, one might think, but hardly worth a mention outside of Milan. Unfortunately, it could set a precedent with far-reaching consequences for everyone involved in the online distribution of video.
The case revolved around a video that was filmed in Turin in 2006 (the year Google acquired YouTube) and it showed an autistic child being bullied at school. Although it was online for two months, Google claims that the offensive video was removed “within hours” after police notification. The student responsible for the clip was subsequently sentenced to 10 months community service. “In these rare but unpleasant cases, that's where our involvement would normally end,” the company says.
The cultural divide that separates some European countries from the US perception of the internet makes the decision all but incomprehensible to YouTube’s parent company, as the FT noted in its report on the verdict, and Google fears that its liability would be unlimited unless the judgement is overturned.
“The Google employees on trial had nothing to do with the video in question. It attacks the very principles of freedom on which the internet is built,” the company says. Google points out that European Union law was drafted specifically to give hosting providers a safe harbour from liability as long as they remove illegal content once they are notified of its existence.
“Common sense dictates that only the person who films and uploads a video to a hosting platform could take the steps necessary to protect the privacy and obtain the consent of the people they are filming,” writes Google VP and Deputy General Counsel Matt Sucherman in an official blog.
Google has appealed against the court’s decision, which appears to require that every moment of the 20-plus hours of video uploaded to YouTube each minute be monitored. If the judgement is upheld, it could mean that senior executives of other online video operations are placed in jeopardy should they decide to set up shop in Europe.
So perhaps Wal-mart executives should exercise due diligence to ensure that every title in the Vudu library is legal in every jurisdiction where it may be seen. The company announced this week that it is to acquire the loss-making Vudu online film delivery service, which has burned through $21 million of investor’s money and so far failed to generate a return.
The entry of major retailers into the world of online digital delivery began in earnest last November, when Best Buy mandated that all web-connected gadgets sold in their US stores would have CinemaNow pre-installed. This ensured that customers splashing out on new TVs, Blu-ray players and other CE devices did not have to run complicated software to buy or rent a film – an icon for CinemaNow appeared the moment they switched on their new electronic toy. David Habiger, CEO of CinemaNow parent company Sonic Solutions, estimated that up to 20 million enabled devices will be on the market by mid-2010.
In buying Vudu, Wal-mart has acknowledged the sales and rental opportunities offered by an onscreen icon at start-up. Past attempts by the retailer to transfer its dominance in physical media to the online arena have proved unsuccessful and customers were won and then lost. When the previous project was wound up, subscribers were transferred to Netflix.
One reason for Wal-mart’s previous lack of success might have been a reliance on third parties to acquire the content and operate the service. This time, Wal-mart gains access to over 16,000 titles that Vudu has already licensed, and establishes a permanent presence on its customers’ screens. In the past, Vudu has struggled to explain to consumers exactly what it has to offer. The new owners have the brand and the commitment to make the service a success.
A report this week from Parks Associates forecasts that US revenues for premium video rentals and downloads will grow from $2.3 billion in 2010 to $8.4 billion in 2014. The research company says: “This acquisition is an opportunity for Wal-mart to become a ‘category catalyst’ in connected consumer electronics,” since Vudu is working with many of the major CE vendors.
Wal-mart’s main online competitors for Vudu, in addition to CinemaNow, are Amazon VOD and Apple iTunes, as well as on-line rental operators Netflix and the struggling Blockbuster, which has just announced the closure of yet more outlets. While Apple and Amazon are major online names, they have yet to establish the link to the living room that CinemaNow and Wal-mart will make their own. According to Parks Associates, “The presence of Wal-mart, with its retail muscle now in the online video space, could mean significant growth in the number and availability of web-enabled consumer electronics products.”
A report from new media research firm TDG this week shows that 33% of broadband-enabled Netflix subscribers view movie streams exclusively on their PC, 8% watch exclusively on TV and 24% use both screens. The arrival of Wal-mart with Vudu could shift the balance decisively towards the primary screen in the home – the living room TV.
In the UK, Tesco has probably been the most active retailer in taking digital delivery forward. Working together with Microsoft, Category Director for Entertainment Rob Salter has encouraged global cooperation to ensure that major retailers will “own the title, not the format”. It parallels the thinking behind the Wal-mart’s Vudu deal and could signify further moves by Tesco in the not-too-distant future. If Vudu comes to the UK, might we see Asda and Tesco go head-to-head?
Another key participant in online delivery, Apple, made an attempt to convince content owners to halve the price of TV episodes to $1 per show this week. The move has been interpreted as an attempt to ensure that early adopters of the iPad have plenty of affordable video to fill their screens. The US networks, however, view the proposal “like a bug looks at an oncoming windscreen,” according to the New York Times.
“If you took five things at Wal-mart and sold them for a nickel, they’d sell really well, because they’d stand out. But if you took everything in the store and made it a nickel, nothing stands out anymore. Essentially all you’ve done is lower the value of your content,” the paper quotes a senior Network executive as saying.
Apple is keen for video to emulate the success of its audio offering, as iTunes hit the 10-billion download mark just seven years after launch. Apple claims a quarter of all music sales in the US, having supplanted Wal-mart as the nation’s largest music retailer as long ago as 2008. Currently, in terms of digital music sales, Apple has almost 70% of the US market with its nearest competitor, Amazon, claiming 8%.
With 375 million TV episodes sold since video went online in 2005, it is clear that Apple has some way to go to match Vudu’s new owners.
Wal-mart Vice Chairman, Eduardo Castro-Wright, said of the acquisition, “The real winner here is the customer.” But the key to the company’s thinking was in the line that followed: “Wal-mart's retail expertise and scale will provide customers with unprecedented access to home entertainment options as they migrate to a digital environment.”
Major corporations are going to have an affect on how we consume entertainment in the future, and the consequences may not be restricted to one country alone.

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